BETWEEN
BETWEEN 判断值是否在一个闭区间内。WHERE basic_salary BETWEEN 8000 AND 15000 等价于 WHERE basic_salary >= 8000 AND basic_salary <= 15000,包括边界值。如果要开区间(不含边界),只能回到 > 和 < 写法。
BETWEEN 不仅适用于数字,也适用于日期和字符串。日期区间筛选再常见不过:WHERE order_date BETWEEN '2024-01-01' AND '2024-06-30' 查上半年订单。字符串按字典序比较,WHERE emp_name BETWEEN 'A' AND 'M' 查名字首字母在 A 到 M 之间的。
注意顺序:BETWEEN 小值 AND 大值。写反了不会报错但结果为空——因为没有任何数既 >=15000 又 <=5000。
以飞翔科技为例:
-- 查工资在 8000~15000 之间的员工
SELECT emp_name, basic_salary
FROM employees
WHERE basic_salary BETWEEN 8000 AND 15000;
-- 查 2018~2020 年入职的员工
SELECT emp_name, join_year
FROM employees
WHERE join_year BETWEEN 2018 AND 2020;
-- 查飞翔小店商品价格在 10~100 元
SELECT product_name, price
FROM products
WHERE shop_name = '飞翔小店'
AND price BETWEEN 10 AND 100;
BETWEEN 的 AND 和 WHERE 的 AND 是两回事——前者定义区间,后者连接不同条件,不要搞混。