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# 示例2 - 简单触发器

说明

此示例展示了使用简单触发器安排作业的十几种不同方法。

# SimpleJob.java源码

package org.quartz.examples.example2;

import java.util.Date;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.JobKey;

/**
 * 这只是被例1执行过许多次的简单作业（只改了一下输出信息）
 * 作者：Bill Kratzer
 */
public class SimpleJob implements Job {

    private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleJob.class);

    /**
     * 作业初始化的空参构造函数
     */
    public SimpleJob() {
    }

    /**
     * 当与此作业相关联的触发器触发时，由调度器调用此方法
     * Throws：作业执行异常（JobExecutionException）-当执行作业时产生异常
     */
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
        throws JobExecutionException {

        //该作业简单地输出它的名称及运行时间
        JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
        _log.info("SimpleJob says: " + jobKey + " executing at " + new Date());
    }

}

# SimpleTriggerExample.java源码

package org.quartz.examples.example2;

import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.futureDate;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
import static org.quartz.JobKey.jobKey;
import static org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule;
import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;
import org.quartz.DateBuilder;
import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.SchedulerMetaData;
import org.quartz.SimpleTrigger;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 本示例将使用简单触发器演示Quartz的所有基本调度功能
 * 作者：Bill Kratzer
 */
public class SimpleTriggerExample {

  public void run() throws Exception {
    Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleTriggerExample.class);

    log.info("------- Initializing -------------------");

    //首先，我们必须获得对调度器的引用
    SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
    Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();

    log.info("------- Initialization Complete --------");

    log.info("------- Scheduling Jobs ----------------");

    //可以在sched.start()方法调用前安排作业

    //在未来15秒后获得1次不错的轮转时间（开始执行所有作业）
    Date startTime = DateBuilder.nextGivenSecondDate(null, 15);

    //作业1仅在某时间点执行1次
    JobDetail job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();

    SimpleTrigger trigger = (SimpleTrigger) newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", 			"group1").startAt(startTime).build();

    //安排该作业执行
    Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业2仅在某时间点执行1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job2", "group1").build();

    trigger = (SimpleTrigger) newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").startAt(startTime).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业3将运行11次（运行1次后再重复10次），每10秒重复1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job3", "group1").build();

    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger3", "group1").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(10)).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业3将被安排到另一个触发器中，这次只会以70秒的间隔再重复2次（共3次）
    //这里应该是官网示例错误，下面的.withIntervalInSeconds(10)应该为.withIntervalInSeconds(70)
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger3", "group2").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(2)).forJob(job).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will [also] run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount()
             + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业4将运行6次（运行1次，再重复5次），每10秒重复1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job4", "group1").build();

    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger4", "group1").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(5)).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业5将在未来五分钟内运行1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job5", "group1").build();

    trigger = (SimpleTrigger) newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger5", "group1")
        .startAt(futureDate(5, IntervalUnit.MINUTE)).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //作业6将无限期运行，每40秒运行1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job6", "group1").build();

    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger6", "group1").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(40).repeatForever()).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    log.info("------- Starting Scheduler ----------------");

    //所有作业都已添加到调度器中，但在调度器启动之前，所有作业都不会执行
    sched.start();

    log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

    //也可以在调用sched.start()方法后安排作业
    //作业7将重复20次（共21次），每五分钟重复1次
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job7", "group1").build();

    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInMinutes(5).withRepeatCount(20)).build();

    ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
    log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + ft + " and repeat: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " times, every " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " seconds");

    //可以直接触发作业……（而不是等待触发）
    job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job8", "group1").storeDurably().build();

    sched.addJob(job, true);

    log.info("'Manually' triggering job8...");
    sched.triggerJob(jobKey("job8", "group1"));

    log.info("------- Waiting 30 seconds... --------------");

    try {
      //等待33秒以显示作业
      Thread.sleep(30L * 1000L);
      //执行中…
    } catch (Exception e) {
      //
    }

    //可以重新安排作业…
    //作业7将重新安排，立即运行
    log.info("------- Rescheduling... --------------------");
    trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger7", "group1").startAt(startTime)
        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInMinutes(5).withRepeatCount(20)).build();

    ft = sched.rescheduleJob(trigger.getKey(), trigger);
    log.info("job7 rescheduled to run at: " + ft);

    log.info("------- Waiting five minutes... ------------");
    try {
      //等待5分钟以显示作业
      Thread.sleep(300L * 1000L);
      //执行中…
    } catch (Exception e) {
      //
    }

    log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");

    sched.shutdown(true);

    log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");

    //显示有关刚刚运行计划的一些统计信息
    SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();
    log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    SimpleTriggerExample example = new SimpleTriggerExample();
    example.run();

  }

}

# 控制台输出

[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Initializing -------------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory - Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
[main] INFO org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool - Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl - Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Quartz Scheduler v.2.3.0 created.
[main] INFO org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore - RAMJobStore initialized.
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.0) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

[main] INFO org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory - Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
[main] INFO org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory - Quartz scheduler version: 2.3.0
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Initialization Complete --------
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Scheduling Jobs ----------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job1 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 0 times, every 0 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job2 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 0 times, every 0 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job3 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 10 times, every 10 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job3 will [also] run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 2 times, every 70 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job4 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 5 times, every 10 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job5 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:51:19 CST 2022 and repeat: 0 times, every 0 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job6 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: -1 times, every 40 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Starting Scheduler ----------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Started Scheduler -----------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - group1.job7 will run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022 and repeat: 20 times, every 300 seconds
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - 'Manually' triggering job8...
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Waiting 30 seconds... --------------
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job8 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:19 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job1 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job2 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-6] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-7] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job7 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-8] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-9] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:40 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-10] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:40 CST 2022
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Rescheduling... --------------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - job7 rescheduled to run at: Tue Nov 29 22:46:30 CST 2022
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Waiting five minutes... ------------
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job7 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:49 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:46:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:00 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:00 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-6] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-7] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-8] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-9] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:20 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-10] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job4 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:20 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:40 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:40 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:47:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-6] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:48:00 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-7] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:48:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-8] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:48:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-9] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job3 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:48:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-10] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:49:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:49:50 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:50:30 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job6 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:51:10 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job5 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:51:19 CST 2022
[DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleJob - SimpleJob says: group1.job7 executing at Tue Nov 29 22:51:30 CST 2022
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Shutting Down ---------------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down.
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused.
[main] INFO org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete.
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - ------- Shutdown Complete -----------------
[main] INFO org.quartz.examples.example2.SimpleTriggerExample - Executed 35 jobs.

Process finished with exit code 0

← 3.示例3 - Cron触发器 →


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